Screening is different from evaluating a breast change
Breast cancer screening is intended to look for possible cancer in people who do not have breast symptoms. Its purpose is different from assessing a new breast change or another concern. A breast change needs medical assessment rather than waiting for a future screening appointment.
The screening approach that may be appropriate depends on individual circumstances and applicable guidance.
What mammography is
Mammography uses X-ray imaging to examine the breasts and is a standard method of breast cancer screening. Screening mammography can identify some cancers before they cause noticeable symptoms, which may allow earlier assessment.
Mammography is not perfect. Ask your clinician where any recommended test can be arranged.
Understanding screening limitations
A balanced screening conversation includes possible benefits and limitations. Important terms include:
- False-positive result: a screening result appears concerning, but further assessment does not find cancer. This can lead to additional tests and worry.
- Missed cancer: screening does not identify every cancer, so a normal result cannot rule out every problem.
- Overdiagnosis: screening finds a cancer that would not otherwise have caused harm during the person's lifetime, leading to treatment that may not have been needed.
These possibilities do not determine what any one person should do. They are part of an informed discussion about the potential value and limits of screening.
Breast awareness and other examinations
Being familiar with how your breasts usually look and feel can help you notice a change and seek advice. However, breast self-checks or a clinical breast examination alone are not equivalent to adequate breast cancer screening.
Ultrasound may have a role in breast assessment, but it should not be presented as a universal substitute for mammography. The purpose of an imaging test and the choice of method depend on the clinical question and individual circumstances.
When to seek medical advice
When discussing screening, you can ask what method is being considered, what its purpose is, what limitations apply, how results will be explained and what follow-up may be recommended.